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=Temperance, Then and Now=

Malden High School Grade 9 US History I August, 2009**
 * Judi Allen

The Antebellum period in America, post 1790--Civil War, launched a great period of social reform.  The catalyst for this great time of reform was religion, particularly the Second Great Awakening, a wide-spread religious revival.  Protestant preachers were at the forefront of the Second Great Awakening.  They believed that the destiny of the people “lay in their own hands.”  It was this philosophy that anchored the reform movements in the United States. As a result of rapid urbanization and immigration, reformers worked tirelessly to improve conditions in factories, prisons, and in the field of education.  In the spirit of the new nation, many reformers worked to abolish slavery while others worked to extend women’s rights.  One of the primary areas of focus for the reformers was temperance. At first temperance reformers advocated the moderation of drink, and later total abstinence of alcohol.  Songs, books, and plays were some of the tactics used to show the negative effects of alcohol. Reformers used scientific and moral reasons along with fear to combat alcohol consumption. <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-spacerun: yes; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">In addition, they formed many organizations and clubs to further their goals. <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-spacerun: yes; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">People signed pledges agreeing to abstain from alcohol and in 1851 the legislature of the state of Maine outlawed alcohol. Many other states would soon follow Maine's example and pass legislation to prohibit alcohol. <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-spacerun: yes; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Many women, who were often victims of alcohol abuse, were organizers and leaders of the movement. <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-spacerun: yes; msoansilanguage: EN-US; msobidilanguage: AR-SA; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msofareastlanguage: EN-US; msospacerun: yes;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">The **Temperance Movement** was one of the most wide spread and successful reform movements in America that proved to have lasting effects.

This unit on the Temperance Movement in the early 19th Century is designed to be implemented in the 9th grade for United States History Part I. In addition to teaching students the social history that led to prohibition, this unit provides an excellent connection to today. As responsible citizens, students will be able to understand the moral and physical effects of alcohol. The unit was designed to enhance 21st Century computer skills by assigning multiple tasks using different applications in which students must access, edit, communicate, save, and print their documents. Exposure to online resources allows students to independently research their own questions and interests on the Temperance Movement.

**//State Standards//:**
USI.19 Explain the rights and the responsibilities of citizenship and describe how a democracy provides opportunities for citizens to participate in the political process through elections, political parties, and interest groups. (H,C) USI.32 Describe important religious trends that shaped antebellum America. (H)

** //Lesson Objectives:// **

 * Students will: **


 * define freedom in their own words.
 * identify key terms and individuals associated with the Temperance Movement
 * examine a graph to identify how much people drank in the early19th Century and what alcoholic beverages they consumed
 * analyze quotes to determine if alcohol was a problem in the early 19th Century and to identify reasons why people drank alcoholic beverages
 * analyze a cartoon and song lyrics to show evidence that alcohol was a problem in the early 19th Century
 * analyze primary and secondary sources to explain the effects of alcohol
 * analyze a series of illustrations to identify the moral and physical effects of alcohol
 * synthesize learning and demonstrate understanding of key question: Did the use of alcohol affect one's personal freedom?
 * examine primary and secondary sources to determine how the temperance movement changed over time
 * identify tactics used in the early 19th Century to keep people from drinking
 * create an effective campaign that would work today to keep young adults from drinking.

//Task://
Using information from the documents and your notes, write a persuasive essay in which you answer the following question:

//Assessment://
Daily class activities and discussion will be assessed Final Project will include a **Persuasive Essay and Bumper Sticker** which will be used as test grade for the chapter